Music of Latin America

Notes from the 5th week of World Music

Music influence in Latin America
Amer-Indian Influence (American Indians)

There are two major groups we make a distinction about when it comes to musical influence. The highland and lowland indians

The native music of the region usually has short repeated phrasing, that repeat over and over, as well as downward arch phrases. While the European system uses a hepto-tonic scale, the native systems can go from a di-tonic scale all the way to deca-tonic scale.

Low Land Indians
Suya Indians from the amazon regain who have Akia songs they own

Their music is nearly all vocal. Spanish Influence (Iberian)
 * Ngere is a song style that strives to have multiple voices nearly becomes one
 * Akia are songs that are owned by each family, and are only song by that family.

African Influence

High Land Indians
In the music of the high land Indians you're going to find a lot of monophonic music and heterophonic music.

In the andies they have a tendency to want dense textures (similar to Africa) the men will often sing in falsetto, and will frequently slide.

Aymara Tribe

Their music reflected the social life, a lot of cooperation and inclusion. There are not so many solos, and it's mostly instrument based. They were conqered by the Inca in the 15th century so they follow the 5-tone scale

Creole - Someone of mixed heritage.

Samba
Mestizo - Mixed individual born post colonial influence.

Mestizo music
 * 1) Costumed Dances
 * 2) * Autos (Folk Drama)
 * 3) String Instruments
 * 4) Brass Bands
 * 5) Accordion
 * 6) Marimba
 * 7) Drums - African
 * 8) Modern Instruments
 * 9) Scale (Uses a Heptatonic scale)
 * 10) Strophic Form
 * 11) Meter - Sesquialtera (Hemiola)

Criollos
Pure blood Spanish/Portuguese person who is born in the new world. They were often hired as musical exports from the Latin stream to compose music for events and the church.

Hecter Villa-Lobos

Was a Berzilian composer who mixed in modern musical streams into classical music.

Conjunto

Marimba

A zylaphone type instrument played with mallets

Charango

A 10 stringed instrument that's body is made with the shell of a armadillo.

Strophic

Paucartambo

Wayno (Huayno) - Peruvian Mistizo dance genra, one of the most important.

Originally a native american style, now the primary style in the andies area. It heavily uses sesquialtera.

Son Jarocho - A style developing

The cord structure is always 1-4-5 Son Huasteco - A style developed in the...
 * Voices
 * Harp
 * Harana (8 String)
 * Kinto (4 String)

That alternates between falcetto and chest voice in a controlled style. Mariachi
 * Violin
 * Harana
 * Hapinrara

A very fast style known for a specific style of dress and sound that came about in the 1930's

Candomble

Comes from some of the Arubin traditions in west-africa, this musical style centers around Orixas. These are secondary gods in this culture.

Capoeira

This is a mixture of musical culture, dance, and martial arts.

Aynaran Panpipe Ensembles

Tango

A musical style that originated in Argentina. This was originally considered to be a highly disreputable dance.

Instruments from the region
Panpipes

Bamboo tubes lashed together at differing lengths. The bottom of the pipes have closed nodes so that wind blown into them resonate through the bamboo.

Conch Shell

Guitaron

Ocarina

A simple instrument made out of the materials available